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Employer ng mga Karpintero at Mason Sakop din ng SSS (Huling Bahagi)

Atty. Russel Ma-ao by Atty. Russel Ma-ao
December 7, 2017
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Sa unang bahagi ng kolum na ito, napag-usapan ang mga “project employees” ng mga construction company gaya ng mga mason o karpintero na pilit itinatanggi ng employer na dapat magkaroon ng coverage sa SSS at mabayaran ang contribution. Ayon sa SSC, mga empleyado ng construction company ang mga natanggal na mga karpintero, mason at “fine grader” kaya nararapat na bayaran ang kanilang SSS contributions.

Nang umakyat sa Court of Appeals ang kaso, hindi rin ito sumang-ayon sa pagdadahilan ng employer ng construction company. Ayon sa Court of Appeals, mga “regular employees” ang nagreklamo dahil nagtrabaho sila bilang mga mason, karpintero o fine grader sa iba’t ibang construction project ng employer sa loob ng isang taon. Dagdag pa nito, ang trabaho nila ay tinatawag na “necessary and desirable” o kailangan at kinakailangan para sa business ng employer na gumagawa ng mga kalsada at tulay. Binanggit ng CA ang kaso ng Mehitabel Furniture Company, Inc v. NLRC (G.R. No. 101268, 30 March 1993, 220 SCRA 602 ) at sinabing kinukuha para magtrabaho ang mga empleyado sa mga proyekto na tinuturing na “necessary o desirable” sa business nito. Ang mga trabahong ito ay hindi lang pana-panahon kundi mas maituturing na regular dahil kailangan ng tuloy tuloy na serbisyo ng mga manggagawa maski lumalabas na pansamantala lamang ang kanilang amamasukan. Sabi ng CA, tama ang NLRC sa obserbasyon nito na kung ang “theory” ng employer ang tatanggapin, wala itong magiging regular na empleyado dahil lahat ng mga pinapasok nitong proyekto ay matituturing na ‘special undertaking o project’ kaya kasabay lamang nito ang panunungkulan ng mga trabahador. Sa ganitong paraan, kukuha lang ng trabahador ang employer kada kontrata para hindi ito magkaroon ng permanenteng tauhan.

Hindi rin tinanggap ng CA na bawal na magfile ng kaso ang mga trabahador ng dahil sa prescription dahil ayon dito, maaring ifile ang kaso sa loob ng dalawampung taon o 20 years ayon sa SS Act.

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Pag-akyat ng kaso sa Korte Suprema, pinagtibay ng Kataastaasang Hukuman na mga empleyado ng naturang kumpanya ang mga mason, karpintero at fine grader. Ayon sa Supreme Court, inamin mismo ng employer na nagtrabaho sa mga construction project nito ang mga nasabing tauhan, maski pa ang haba ng trabaho nila ay kasabay lamang ng bawat proyekto. At maski pa hindi aminin ng employer, malinaw na empleyado ang kanyang mga tauhan dahil may kontrol ang employer sa resulta ng kanilang trabaho kasama na ang pamamaraan kung paano ito tapusin. Nilinaw ng Supreme Court na maski ano pang uri ng kanilang trabaho sa construction company, maging regular or kada project lamang, sakop ito ng compulsory coverage ng SS law dahil hindi ito kasama sa exception na sinasaad ng batas. Muli nitong binanggit ang kaso ng Luzon Stevedoring Corp. vs. SSS ( 122 Phil. 1110 (1966)) kung saan sinabi ng Supreme Court na lahat ng empleyado, maski ano pa mang haba ng kanilang panunungkulan o pagseserbisyo ay karapatdapat sapilitang maging myembro ng SSS kung hindi sila kasali sa mga klase ng empleyadong nakasaad sa Section 8 (j) ng Social Security Act.

Sabi ng mga Kataastaasang Hurado, walang dahilan para baguhin ang desisyon ng Court of Appeals tungkol sa nature of employment ng mga tauhan ng kumpanya. Sabi nito, kahit pa ipagpilitan ng employer na mga “project employee” lamang ang kanyang mga trabahador, bilang mga mason, karpintero o fine graders sa iba’t ibang proyekto ng kumpanya, ang kanilang trabaho ay “necessary and desirable” o kailangan at kinakailangan sa business ng employer na gumagawa ng mga kalsada at tulay kaya sila ay maituturing na “regular employees”.

Bukod pa rito, maski pa kinuha lang para magtrabaho ang mga tauhan kada proyekto, ang paulit ulit na pagkuha sa mga ito para magserbisyo na tumagal ang dalawang tao, ang pinakamaikli, hanggang waaong taon, ay sapat na dahilan para sabihing sila ay walang dudang naging regular na empleyado na. Napagdesisyunan na ng SC na hindi napuputol ang trabaho sa kada proyektong natapos kung ang empleyado ay muling kinukuha or nirerehire dahil kailangan ito sa business ng kanyang amo at kailangang kunin muli sa iba pa nitong mga proyekto. Pinuna rin ng Korte Suprema na maging ang National Labor Relations Commission sa kasong isinampa rito ay nagdesisyon na regular na empleyado ang mga natanggal na trabahador.

Sa kasong ito rin sinabi ng Supreme Court na walang halaga ang depensa ng “good faith” dahil hindi ito importante sa mga kaso ng di pagreremit na hulog at penalty sa SSS, dahil walang pinagkaiba sa batas ang employer na nagbibigay ng magandang rason sa nahuli nitong pagreremit at sa isang employer na sadyang hindi pinansin ang legal na obligasyon na magremit ng SSS contribution.

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Nawa’y magsilbing paalala ang mga kasong aking binabanggit “Your SSS Corner” para sumunod ang ating mga employer sa itinakda ng batas. Ibigay lamang po ang nararapat para sa ating mga empleyado para maiwasan ang aberya at kahihiyan.

Reference: Reynaldo Cano Chua doing business under the name and style PRIME MOVER CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT vs. Court of Appeals, Social Security Commission, Social Security System, et. Al, October 6, 2001, G.R. No. 125837

And as you wish that others would do to you, do so to them. Luke 6: 31

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