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Home Columns

Walang SS Number O Ayaw magpakaltas Sa Sahod, Di Rason Para Di Magbayad Ng SSS

Atty. Russel Ma-ao by Atty. Russel Ma-ao
October 31, 2017
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Ayon sa batas, ang obligasyong magkaltas sa sahod ng empleyado ng share nito sa SSS contribution ay nakaatang sa employer. Ang dapat ikaltas ay halos 30 percent lang ng buong halaga ng contribution dahil dapat magbayad ang employer ng mahigit kumulang 70 percent bilang share para sa kabuuang contribution. Halimbawa, para sa empleyadong sumasahod ng P5,000 kada buwan, dapat maghulog sa SSS ang employer ng P550 bilang SSS premium at dagdag na P10 contribution para sa Employee Compensation (EC). Sa kontribusyong P550 ng isang empleyado, dapat magkaltas kada buwan ng P181.70 ang employer sa sweldo ng kanyang empleyado. Ang P368. 30 at karagdagang P10 o P378.30 ay babayaran ng employer para mabuo ang hulog na P550.

May mga pagkakataong maaring ayaw ng empleyadong sumunod sa ganitong patakaran, marahil dala na rin ng kahirapan ng buhay. May mga pagkakataon ding tinatamad ang empleyadong pumunta sa SSS para kumuha ng kanyang SSS employee ID number kaya hindi nito maibigay ang number na kinakailangan para maipost ang kanyang kontribusyon. Anong dapat gawin ng employer? Isa lamang po ang kasagutan, obligahin ang empleyado na sumunod sa batas dahil obligado rin si employer na magbayad kada buwan para hindi mapatawan ng penalty o mademanda.

Kailan dapat magkaltas ang isang employer?

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Ayon sa RA 8282 o SS Act of 1997, Sec. 18:

(a) Beginning of the last day of the calendar month when an employee’s compulsory coverage takes effect and every month thereafter during his employment, the employer shall deduct and withhold from such employee’s monthly salary, wage, compensation or earning, the employee’s contribution in the amount corresponding to his salary, wage, compensation or earnings during the month in accordance with the (following) schedule: …x x x

Sa madaling salita, tuwing katapusan ng buwan, ang isang trabahador na covered na ng SSS, ay dapat kaltasan ng kanyang employer ng kaukulang hulog para sa SSS. Ang kaltas na ito ay tinatawag na employee share (ee share). Ang ee share ay idadagdag sa kaukulang hulog ng employer share (er share) at ito ang dapat iremit ng employer sa SSS kada buwan ng walang palya habang nagtatrabaho ang empleyado sa kanya. Ang nakasaad sa batas ay “shall deduct…”, ibig sabihin, ito ay “mandatory” o sapilitan. Kaya hindi tamang gamiting dahilan ng employer na ayaw makisama ng kanyang empleyado kaya wala na rin itong pakialam.

Sa kaso ni Eliza, isang Marketing Assistant sa isang kumpanyang nagtitinda ng iba’t ibang klase ng mga produkto, dinemanda ng SSS ang kumpanyang kanyang pinasukan, ang Amecos Innovations, Inc., dahit sa hindi nito pagreremit ng SSS contributions at penalties.

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Depensa ng Amecos, hindi ito nakapagremit dahil ayaw ni Eliza na magsumite ng kanyang SSS number at makaltasan para sa kanyang kontribusyon. Dahil dito, hindi nagremit ang Amecos para kay Eliza mula nang ito’y magtrabaho noong Enero 2001 hanggang matanggal ito sa trabaho noong Pebrero 2002.

Binayaran din ng Amecos ang kontribusyon ni Eliza, dahilan para iurong ng SSS ang demanda laban sa naturang employer.

Sa kabilang banda, nagpadala ng demand letter ang Amecos kay Eliza para bayaran nito ang P27,791.65, bilang employee share sa SSS contributions, kasama na rito ang mga gastos umano ni employer sa pagpoproseso ng bayad sa SSS. Pero hindi sumagot si Eliza. Dahil dito, nagfile ng reklamong Collection of Sum of Money and Damages ang Amecos laban kay Eliza sa Caloocan City. Ayon sa Amecos, dahil sa misrepresentation ni Eliza, gumastos ang Amecos ng P27, 791.65 bilang settlement at bayad nito sa SSS. Nagdulot din umano ito ng labis labis na kahihiyan at nadungisang reputasyon sa Presidente ng Amecos na si Mateo dahil sa pagdedemanda rito ng SSS. Hiniling nito sa korte ang P50t bilang kabayaran ng moral damages, P50t sa exemplary damages at P50t bilang attorney’s fees, dagdag pa rito ang halaga ng demanda.

Sa sagot ni Eliza, sinabi nitong dati syang empleyado ng Amecos hanggang sa ilegal nitong pagkakatanggal noong February 2002. Ayon sa kanya, sinadya ng Amecos na wag syang kaltasan at iremit ang kanyang SSS contributions at ang kasong naifile ng Amecos laban sa kanya ay ganti nito sa kanyang pagdedemanda ng illegal dismissal. Kinwestyon din ni Eliza ang jurisdiction o autoridad ng Municipal Trial Court (MTC) na dinggin ang kanyang kaso gayung ito’y nag-ugat sa employer-employee relationship, kaya nararapat na dalhin sa Labor Arbiter at hindi sa korte.

Sa bandang huli, hindi kinatigan ng Korte Suprema ang employer na si Amecos. Ayon sa Kataastaasang Hukuman, walang cause of action o basehang legal ang Amecos na magfile ng Civil Case laban sa dati nitong empleyadong si Eliza. Ayon sa ebidensya, base sa payroll ni Eliza, walang ibinawas sa sahod nya para sa kanyang SSS contributions. Patunay lang ito na habang nagtatrabaho si Eliza sa Amecos, hindi naghulog ang Amecos ng employer share o employee share, ang dapat na kabuuang SSS premiums ni Eliza. Dahil dito, hindi nasakop ng SSS si Eliza bilang myembro dahil hindi alam ng SSS na si Eliza ay isang empleyado ng Amecos. Napilitan lamang magbayad ang employer nung ito’y nademanda na ng SSS pero ng mga panahong yun, wala na si Eliza sa naturang kumpanya dahil natanggal ito sa kalagitnaan ng Pebrero 2002.

Sa mga naipresentang katunayan, ayon sa Supreme Court, malinaw na hindi dapat managot si Eliza dahil nang hindi magremit ang Amecos ng buong SSS contributions ni Eliza, hindi covered at protektado ng SSS si Eliza. Dahil hindi sya covered ng SSS, walang dahilan para papanagutin ang empleyado ng karampatang kontribusyon sa panahon ng kanyang pagtatrabaho sa nasabing kumpanya. Wala ring basehan ang demandang damages dahil walang cause of action ang kumpanya laban sa idinemandang empleyado.

Ang leksyon mula sa kasong ito ay simple lang, sumunod sa sinasabi ng batas patungkol sa paghuhulog ng tamang kontribusyon ng mga empleyado sa SSS para maiwasan ang anuman aberya o asunto.

For the authorities do not strike fear in people who are doing right, but in those who are doing wrong. Would you like to live without fear of the authorities? Do what is right, and they will honor you. Romans 13:3

Source: Amecos Innovations, Inc. and Antonio F. Mateo vs. Eliza R. Lopez, G.R. No. 178055, July 2, 2014

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